STEPHEN LAM/Reuters
Apple Inc. will launch a legal challenge on Tuesday to a European Commission order to pay €13-billion ($18.9-billion) in Irish back taxes in a landmark case in the EU’s crackdown on tax avoidance by multinational companies.
The iPhone maker is expected to send a six-man delegation headed by chief financial officer Luca Maestri to the two-day court hearing at the Luxembourg-based General Court, the EU’s second highest court.
In August, 2016, the Commission said tax rulings by Ireland in 1991 and in 2007 had artificially reduced Apple’s tax burden for more than two decades, effectively making it illegal state aid.
European Competition Commissioner Margrethe Vestager pointed to a 0.005-per-cent tax rate paid by Apple’s main Irish unit in 2014 as an example of the unusually low payments by the company.
Apple is expected to argue that it did nothing wrong as it had followed Irish and U.S. tax laws. It made similar arguments in a blog after a European Union tax ruling a couple of years ago.
It will tell the court that the bulk of its taxes are owed to the United States because the majority of the value in its products – including design, engineering and development – is created there.
Ireland, which has accused the Commission of exceeding its powers and interfering with the EU member’s national sovereignty over tax affairs, is also challenging the EU ruling.
The Irish tax regime is a key attraction for multinational companies, which employ around 10 per cent of the country’s work force.
Luxembourg is backing Ireland while Poland is supporting the Commission. Ms. Vestager has also gone after sweetheart deals offered by the Netherlands to Starbucks Corp., Luxembourg to Amazon.com Inc., Fiat Automobiles SpA and Engie SA as well as a British tax scheme for multinationals.
The EU executive’s tax crackdown suffered a setback in February this year when the General Court dismissed its ruling against a Belgian tax break that benefited BP, BASF and more than 30 other multinationals, saying that it was not an aid scheme.
However, the Commission relaunched this case on Monday.
The joint Apple cases are T-778/16 Ireland v. Commission and T-892/16 Apple Sales International and Apple Operations Europe v. Commission.